IPA Fundamentals
Core concepts and background knowledge about the International Phonetic Alphabet and English phonetics.
IPA Fundamentals
How to Teach the IPA: 100 Questions English Teachers Ask
Sheep vs ship, the two th sounds, word stress, wanna and gonna: 100 short, classroom-ready answers to the IPA questions teachers ask, with free IPA tools.
IPA Fundamentals
Respelling vs IPA: The Easier Option If Symbols Confuse You
Learn what pronunciation respelling is, how it differs from IPA, and when an easy-to-read pronunciation guide is more useful than phonetic symbols.
IPA Fundamentals
What Is the IPA? How to Read Pronunciation, Not Guess It
The International Phonetic Alphabet is a standardized notation for speech sounds — a more consistent guide than spelling. Read IPA with a chart and examples.
IPA Fundamentals
Why Dictionaries Disagree on IPA: From Jones to Wells
Why do Oxford and Cambridge transcribe the same English word differently? Explore the history of IPA, the Jones-Gimson-Wells lineage, and the Upton debate.